Hi Rob dont worry your application is being processed some applications are easier than others depending on the evidence provided and who we can contact to check you are who you say you are
Unfortunately, and remember to replace the battery every 4 years to prevent re-occurrence. Ideally do a load test every year because the battery could fail before the manufacturers recommended life expectancy, as it depends on how many power cuts and spikes you have
If the battery was connected to the control panel it would be drawing more current than the system is designed to supply, cooking the charging circuit. The system is designed to be powered from the battery and the PSU is constantly charging the battery.
Both, they are static and programmed with a code, however, some of the panels out there will want to write their own code to the token, so long as the correct facility code my tags will let the panel write to it.